Picking a size
A tank is chosen for the hour when your household uses the most hot water. A tankless unit is chosen for how many fixtures run together and how cold the supply is. On our tankless flow calculator every place on this site uses 52°F incoming water and a 68°F rise to reach 120°F, since January lows run from 29°F to 31°F. Compare a unit’s rating at that rise.
Your own habits set the size. Tell the water heater size calculator how your household uses hot water and it suggests a tank size with a first-hour rating, and give the tankless flow calculator the same details to see the flow and temperature rise a tankless unit must meet. Neither replaces a plumber’s check of fuel, venting and space.
Reading the label
Start with the serial number on the tank’s rating label. The water heater age by serial number tool converts it into a build year. Once you know the age, weigh the condition, because heavy rust on an old tank points to replacement and a lone dead part on a young one points to repair.